ரேபீஸ் - வெறிநாய் கடி நோய் -Rabies - Causes,Symptoms and Treatment

Rabies - Causes,Symptoms,Treatment and How to prevent Rabies

Rabies virus is transmitted through direct contact (such as through broken skin or mucous membranes in the eyes, nose, or mouth) with saliva or brain/nervous system tissue from

an infected animal.

If you’ve been in contact with any wildlife or unfamiliar animals, particularly if you’ve been bitten or scratched. Wash any wounds immediately with soap and water and then plan

to see a healthcare provider. See your doctor for attention for any trauma due to an animal attack before considering the need for rabies vaccination.



Symptoms

Rabies progresses in five distinct stages:



*incubation

*prodrome

*acute neurologic period

*coma

*death



Treatment

A series of rabies vaccines:

These will be injected into the arm over the next 2 to 4 weeks.

These will train the body to fight the virus whenever it finds it.

It is not usually possible to find out whether the animal has

rabies or not. It is safest to assume the worst and begin the

course of shots.A small number of people have survived rabies,

but most cases are fatal once the symptoms develop. There is no

effective treatment at this stage.A person with symptoms should

be made as comfortable as possible. They may need breathing

assistance.

நமக்கு காயம் ஏற்பட்டவுடன் ஏன் டிடி தடுப்பூசி (TT Vaccine) போடப்படுகிறது? Tetanus

Tetanus and TT vaccine



Bacteria called Clostridium tetani cause tetanus. Spores of the bacteria can be found in dust, 

dirt, and animal droppings. Spores are small reproductive bodies produced by certain organisms. 

They’re often resistant to harsh environmental conditions, such as high heat.



A person can become infected when these spores enter the bloodstream through a cut or deep wound. 

The bacteria spores then spread to the central nervous system 

and produce a toxin called tetanospasmin. This toxin is a poison that blocks the 

nerve signals from your spinal cord to your muscles. This can lead to severe muscle spasms.

Tetanus is not contagious from person to person. The infection occurs worldwide, 

but is more common in hot, damp climates with rich soil. It’s also more common in densely populated areas.



Symptoms

Tetanus affects the nerves that control your muscles, which can lead to difficulty swallowing. 

You may also experience spasms and stiffness in various muscles, especially those in your jaw, 

abdomen, chest, back, and neck.



Prevention and TT Vaccine

This vaccine is given to provide protection against tetanus in adults and 

children 7 years or older. Vaccination is the best way to protect against this 

life-threatening disease. Vaccines work by causing the body to produce its own protection.

HPV Vaccination

HPV Vaccination - What you need to know?



Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs

in the cells of the cervix — the lower part of the uterus

that connects to the vagina.



Various strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV),

a sexually transmitted infection, play a role in causing most cervical cancer.



When exposed to HPV, a woman's immune system typically prevents the virus from doing harm.

In a small group of women, however, the virus survives for years, contributing to the process that

causes some cells on the surface of the cervix to become cancer cells.

One out of 4 women who die of cervical cancer is from India.

every seven minutes one woman dies of cervical cancer in India.

Cervical cancer kills roughly 60000 Indian women annually.

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) has been detected in 99.7% of all cases of Cervical Cancer worldwide.



The HPV vaccine is made from tiny proteins,

When the vaccine is given, the body makes antibodies

in response to the protein to clear it from the body.

If a person is then exposed to the real virus,

the same antibodies can prevent it from

entering the cells of the body and creating an infection (immunity).

quadrivalent vaccine - for four strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) -- HPV-6, 11, 16, and 18.



Bivalent vaccine - for human papillomavirus (HPV) -- HPV-16, and 18.

The best way to get information about HPV vaccination is by visiting a gynaecologist.

HPV types 16 and 18 are responsible for82%of cervical cancers in India.

Do males need HPV vaccine?

The HPV vaccine is safe and effective. It can protect men against warts and certain cancers caused by HPV.

An Age limit for HPV vaccination?

The best time is between

9-13 years of age before they become sexually active.

HPV vaccination is recommended for all sexually active adults.

It can be given until age 45.

Vaccines against hpv are successful at preventing the development of those viruses.



Who should not get the HPV vaccine?

people with the allergy and it is not recommended for pregnant women.



vaccinated women will still need regular cervical cancer screening

because the vaccine protects against most but not all HPV types that cause cervical cancer.



Cervical cancer, mainly caused by Human Papillomavirus infection,

is the leading cancer in Indian women and the second most common cancer in women worldwide.